Duplicating machine



Oct. 17, 1933. J, D N AN v 1,931,184

DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed Dec. 3, 1931 -2 Sheets-Sheet l InUerCZZi-F;JELrne/s .K. Duncan 1 1933- J. K. DUNCAN DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed Dec.3. 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 f// 7 n. mm m [E q. Q m 1 @D 7 U g a ma N m 8mm o mm m w s; v WM, QN/ 5% J a mm Y om mfion mm Q o E %H mm PatentedOct. 17, 1933 1 1,931,184 DUPLICATIVNG MACHINE James K. Duncan, Chicago,Ill., assignor to Incorporated, Chicago, 111., a corporation of WestVirginia Application December 3, 1931.

Serial No. 578,644

15 Claims. (Cl. 101133) The invention relates to duplicating'machines ofthe type employing a gelatin matrix over which 7 is adapted to travel aplaten carriage, and has;

reference more particularly to improved means :for rotating theimpression roller upon linear movement of the carriage.

In the above type of machines the platen carriage travels back and forthover the surface of the gelatinized duplicating band for firstimpressing the master and copy sheets upon the surface of the gelatinand for subsequently stripe ping them from gelatin, the actual.impression member comprising a rubber roller journaled in the carriageand rotated by the travel or" the carriage. The spindle of this rollerhas heretofore been equipped with a pulley or grooved wheel around whichis passed a cable, the cable being fixed at its ends to the frame of themachine, the construction serving to positively rotate the roller duringthe travel of the carriage so as to not only insure feeding ofthe papersheet and discharge of the same, but also to impress the sheet upon theduplicating band. a

One of the .many disadvantages due to the use of the cable was the factthat, although the impression roller was driven at the desired speedduring linear movement of the carriage, the roller remains stationaryduring the raising and lower ing movements to locate the roller inreleased and depressed positions. respectively. In operation toinitially impress the paper upon the. du-

plicating band to begin a printing stroke, the roller thus fed the sheettowards the margin bar or stop, causingthe sheet to loop in front oftheroller. Such conditions adversely effected the operating efficiencyof the machine, especially when card stock was used, since the marginaledge of the same would be materially bent, de-'- stroying the surface ofthe card. Also the useof the cable prevented the impression roller frombeing easily removed from the machine to allow cleaning of the same andthe life of the cable,

due to constant and severe use, was very short.

An object of the present invention is to pro-- vide improved means fordriving the impression roller of hektograph machines, which will besimple in construction permitting the parts .to-be easily assembled anddisassembled for cleaning purposes, positive in operation and which willadapt itself to all the requirements for hektograph machine work. i

A yet further object is to provide a gear driven impression roller, theconstruction being able to withstand severe usage and thus having a longlife.-:. 8 m1 A yet further object ofthe present invention to provideimproved means for positively rotating'the impression roller upon lineartravel of? the carriage, the rotation of 'the roller having a definiterelation to the extent of travel of the care. riage to maintain a slightdrag or tension upon the paper sheetas the same is being impressed.

on the gelatin surface so 'as to ironout any wrinkles'in the sheet, thusinsuring a perfect impression, on each printing operation. l

A yet further object is to provide improved means for rotatin'g theimpression roller upon linear movement being imparted to, the carriage,the means includinglconnecting gearing between the roller and stationarymeans disposed adja-' cent th'e'carriage. I

A yet further object is the provision of means for positively rotatingthe impression roller, the rotation of the roller being'under control atall times.

means for rotating the impression roller, includ ing gearing connectingthe roller with a stationary back bar located adjacent the carriage,whereby the roller is positively rotated upon linear movement of thetravel and wherein the gearing. functions to cause rotation or theimpression roller during vertical movements of the same to locatethe'ro'ller in released or depressed position. II b v 1 I Accordingly,another object of the inventionlis the provisionof improved meansfordriving the impression roller, the roller being rotated in a directionasthesame is lowered 'ontoimpression, such that the'roll'er will feedthe inserted sheet outwardly awayfrom the margin'bar (at. a rateslightly le ss than the downward travel the'roller tends to feed towardsthe margin bar,

A yet furtherobject is to provide a gear drive for the impression rollerdriven. from a geared shaft housed within the slidable extension on thecarriage frame, the construction permitting a pivotal connection betweenthe extension and the carriage frame so thatthe frame will automaticallycenter itself upon the platen surface.

7 With these and various other objects in view, the invention mayconsistof certain novel features of construction and operation, aswill be morefully described and particularly pointed out in the specification,drawings and claims appended hereto. r

In the drawings, which illustrate .an embodiment of the device andwherein like reference characters named .to designate, like parts,Figure 1 is an ele'vational'view of the complete machine showing thesame constructed in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 2 is a detail sectional View showing the gearing for driving theimpression roller;

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the plane indicated by line 33 ofFigure 1;

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along the plane indicated by line 44of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a detail view showing the stationary plate member; I

Figure 6 is a detail view showing the movable plate member; and r Fig. 7is a fragmentary section taken longitudinally through the machine toillustrate the action of impression and pressure rollers with which themachine is equipped.

Referring to the drawings and particularly to Figures 1 and 3,. themachine is shown as comprising spaced frame members 10 provided withtracks 11 upon their upper surface and supports 12 at the lower endthereof for supporting the machine upon a base or any suitable table.The

frames 10 are held in spaced relation by tie bars and have suitablyjournaled therein spindles 13 upon which is wound the gelatinduplicating band 14, the band being supported upon the fiat platen 15suitably secured to the'side frames through means of the shoulders 16integrally formed thereon.

Adapted to travel back and forth .over that surface of the gelatin bandsupported upon the platen 15 is a carriage 18 including a carriage frameformed of spaced parallel side members ,-19 and 20, end walls 21 and 22,suitably connected to the 'side members, anda carriage extension 23inthe form of a yoke provided with arms '24 and 25, the same being securedrespectively through suitable studs 26 to theside members 19 and 20. Theextension 23 has sliding engagement upon a rod 27 mounted for rotationupon one 'of the frames 10 by means of brackets 28 integrally formedwiththe frame. Located upon one end of barr2'7 is an adjustable stop'29, while at its extreme opposite end is a stationary stop 30. Securedto the carriage, frame are adjustable depending studs 31 resting ongthetracks '11 for supporting the carriage and permitting linear movement ofthe same over the platen 15;

Mounted within the end walls '21 and 22 is a shaft 32adapted topivotally support within the frame the handle arm 33 having; integrallyor suitablysecured to each end thereof extensions 34'and"provided withan operating handle 35.

Journaled within the extensions'34is a shaft 39 carrying an impressionroller 36, one end of the shaft having suitably keyed thereto a pinion37. The impression roller 36 is adapted to be raised and lowered sincehandle arm 33 is pivoted within thecarriage frame and is rocked throughactuation ofhandle 35, and for the purpose thelower portion of the endwalls 21 and 22 are slotted asv at ,38 for permitting vertical movementsof shaft 39 of the roller. During operative or depressed position of theimpression roller the same is in engagement with pressure roller; 40piv- 43, while adapted to have'slidable movement upon the bar 27 is ahousing 44 within which is journaled the shaft 45 having suitably keyedthereto and disposed within spaced arms of the housing a gear 46. Shaft45 is positioned in the housing a definite distance from the teeth ofthe rack bar 43 and thus the gear 46 is mounted in definite relationshipto the rack bar and is supported by means of the housing upon the bar27, the construction being such that the pitch line of the teeth on gear46 and the pitch line of the teeth on the rack bar 43 are tangent toeach other thus insuring free and noiseless operation of the gear upontherack. To the free end of shaft 45 is suitably keyed the pinion 47,the washer 48 being mounted on the shaft between the gear and thehousing and adjustably positioned thereon by means of lock washers 50.The shaft '45 terminates adjacent the end wall 21 and isprovided with abore 51 for accommodating the projecting end of shaft 32. The shaft 45is in this manner supported at its inner end upon the carriage frame,while permitting independent rotation of the same and shaft 32.

Rigidly secured to the end wall 21; as shown in Figure '2, is a plate53, having a substantially vertical slot 54 provided therein forpermitting vertical movements of the impression roller shaft 39 andbeing additionally provided with opening 55 for receiving the end ofshaft 45. Pin 56 serves to secure the plate to the end wall. Locatedupon the outer surface of the plate 53 is a movable plate 57, havingslot 58 formed therein for receiving the impression. roller shaft andopenings 60 and 611respectively, the former serving to receive the endof shaft 45,'while the latter accommodates the stud 62 upon'which isrotatably mounted the intermediate gear 63 having meshing engagement, asshown in'Figure 2, with pinion 4'7 keyed to shaft 45 and pinion 37 keyedto the impression roller shaft 39. It will be seen that by reason of theabove construction, upon linear movement being imparted to the carriage.gear 46 "will be rotated to drive shaft 45 and through the chain ofg'earingcorresponding rotations will be imparted to pinion S'Tand theimpression roller 36. By selecting pinions and gears of predeterminedsize, any peripheral speed of the impression rollercanbe secured asdesired. 1 For instance an increase in the size of pinion 47' pressionroller can be made less than that which it would have were it free torotate, this latter condition being preferable, since a slight drag ortension is given to the paper sheet as the same is impressed uponthesurface of the gelatin so that all wrinkles in the sheet are ironedout. I

By-the chain of gearing connecting the-inc: prlession roller with thestationary rack bar 43 the rotations-of the roller are notonly'controlled during linear movement of the carriage but also as theroller is oscillated vertically to locate the same in released ordepressed position. As shown in Figure 2, should the'impression' rollerbe ele-' vated, the mo'vement'would be imparted toplate 5'7 which wouldpivot around shaft 45, carrying with said roller, and egearingcarried byone of sure roller 40 until the leading edge ofthesame engages themargin bar 65. The impression roller is now ready to be depressed intooperative 'position, which movement will impart to gear 63a clockwiserotation and to pinion 3'7 meshing therewith a counter-clockwiserotation. The counter-clockwise rotation of the impression roller isimmaterial until the same contacts the roller 40, whereupon the sheet ofpaper held 'be'- tween the rollers is fed outwardly by the rotation 'ofthe impression roller. The feeding of the paper outward and thus awayfrom the margin bar takes place at a rate less than the downward travel'of the roller functions to feed the sheet towards the margin bar, theresult being to main-- tain the leading edge in constant engagement withthe margin bar but to prevent the formation of an excessive loop of thesheet immediately in advanceof the impression roller. With' gelatin, asis common and well knownin hektograph machine construction. I

The construction of the present invention results in controlling therotation of the impression roller at all times with the resultingadvantages above enumerated and with the additional advantage that bymerely selecting the proper si'zeof gears and pinions the speed ofrotation during linear movement of the carriage can be varied withoutaffecting the degree of rotation of theroller during vertical movementsof the same. It is also to be noted that with the carriage in forwardposition against the stop 30 the same is maintained against the stop bythe actuation of handle 35 to locate the impression roller in depressedposition. Movement in this direction will,

as described, rotate gear 63 in clockwise direction and as the gearrotates around pinion 47 there is a tendency to rotate the pinion in acounterclockwise direction, which, through shaft 45 and connected gear46, functions to hold the carriage in engagement against the stop. t

It is to be understood that I do not wish to be limited by the exactembodiment of the device shown, which is merely by way of illustrationand not limitation, as various and other forms of the device will ofcourse be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing fromthe spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

I claim:

1. In a duplicating machine, a traveling platen carriage, an impressionroller, gearing carried by said carriage and operatively connected tosaid impression roller, a rack bar disposed adjacent upon movement ofsaid arm to be located in depressed or released position, a pinionassociated said end lframes and meshing with said pinion,

' said-gearing adapted tofirotate said roller during linear movementofsaid carriage andupon movement of said arm to released or depressedposi- 3. In a duplicating machine, a carriagecom prising end framemembers, a handle ar-m pivotally within said end framea an impressionroller journaled in said arm and adapted upon movement of saidarm to belocated in do pressed or "released position, and gearing carried by saidcarriage and operatively connected with said roller; said gear-ingadaptedto rotate said roller duringmovements 'of the same into depressedor released position; s s

4.111 a duplicating machine, acarriage com prising end frame members, ahandle arm pivot-,

pinion, and means for driving said gearing upon linear movement ofsaidc'arriage and upon pivotal movement of said handle arm; a J

5. In a duplicating machi-ne', a traveling pla carriage, an impressionrollerl journall'ed therein, a pressure roller also rotatably mounted inthe carriage, said" impressionv roller mounted for movement intooperative and inoperative positions with respect to the pressure roller,andg'earing operative to rotate the impression roller upon linearmovement of the carriage, said rotation 00- curring irrespective of thepositions of the timpression roller. 7

- 6. In a duplicating-machine, a traveling platen carriage, animpression roller iournalled therein, a pressure roller also rotatablymountedin the carriage, said impression roller hav-ing'operativev andinoperative, positions with respect tolthe pressure roller, gearing,operatively connecting the impression roller with means located-3 on apart.

of the machine, said gearing rotating the impression roller upon linearmovementof the carriage,

and being also operativewhen the carriage is stationary tofcauserotation of theiimpress'ion roller upon locating the roller fromoperativeto =inoper-' ative positionor'vice versa.

7 In a duplicating machine, a frame duplicating surface, a carriage formovement over the surface, an impression roller journalled in thecarriage, gearing operatively connecting the having a roller with meanson the, frame, said gearing rotating the roller upon linear movement ofthe carriage, the gearing being operativeto .rotate the roller at aperipheral speed slightly less than the roller would have by reason ofthe linea movement of the carriage.

8. In a duplicating machine, a frame having a duplicating surface, acarriage for movement over the surface, an impression roller journalledin the carriage, a pressure roller also mounted for rotation in thecarriage, said rollers operating on a sheet therebetween to impress thesame on the duplicating surface, gearing operatively connecting theimpression roller with means on the frame, whereby the roller is rotatedupon linear movement of the carriage, said gearing rotating said rollerwith a peripheral speed such that tension is maintained on the sheet asit is impressed on the duplicating surface.

9. Ina duplicating machine, a framehaving a duplicating surface, acarriage for'movement over the surface, an impression roller journalledin the carriage, said rol er being pivotally associated with thecarriage andhaving anoperative and in-, operative position with respectto the duplicating surface, gearing connecting the roller with means onthe frame, whereby the roller is rotated during linear movement of thecarriage, said 7 gearing also causing rotation of the roller when thesame is oscillated from inoperative to operative position or vice-versa.r I a 10. In a duplicating machine, a frame having a duplicatingsurface, a carriage for. movement. over the surface, a rotatableimpression roller,

means pivoting said impression roller insaid carriage on an axis spacedfrom its axis of rotation,

'a rack extending longitudinally, of said frame, a gear meshingwith saidrack,-1the axis of 'rotation of said gear being coincident with thepivotal axis of said impression roller, and means driven by said gear;for,driving said impression roller.

11. In a duplicating machine, a frame having a duplicating surface, acarriage for movement over I the surface, a rotatable impression roller,means pivoting said impression roller insaid carriage onan axis spacedfrom its axis of rotation, a pressure roller co-operating withsaid'impression roller, a rack extendingl longitudinally of said frame,a gear meshing with said rack, theaxis of rotation of saidgear-beingcoincident with the pivotal axis of said impression roller,-and means driven by said gear for driving said impression roller. I 1 r12. Ina duplicating machine, a frame having 'a, duplicating surface,'acarriage for movement over the surface, a yoke pivoted in said carriage,

an impression roller rotatably journaled in said yoke, the axis ofrotation of said impression roller being spaced from thepivotal axis ofsaid yoke, a rack extending longitudinally of said machine, a gearmeshing with said rack, said.

gear having an axis of rotation coincident with g thepivotal axis ofsaid yoke, and means driven by 'saidgear for driving said impressionroller.

13. In a duplicating machine, a frame having a duplicating surface, acarriage for movement. over. thesurface, a rotatableimpression roller,means for pivoting said impressionroller. in said -carriage forswingingmovement around an axis spaced from its axis of rotation, a slide rod extending longitudinally of said machine .andro- V pression roller.

tatable around its longitudinal axis, said carriage being slidable as aunit along said slide rod and said slide rod being provided with rackteeth, a gear meshing with said rack teeth, means slidable on said sliderod and journaling saidgear, said gear having its axis of rotationcoincident with the pivotal axis around which said impression roller isswung, and means driven by said gear for driving said impression roller.

14. In a duplicating machine, a frame having I a duplicating surface, acarriagev for movement over the surface, a yoke provided in saidcarriage, an impression roller rotatably journaled in said yoke, theaxis of rotationof said impression roller being spaced from the pivotalaxis of said yoke, a slide rod extending longitudinally of said frame,means on said frame journaling said slide rod for rotation around anaxis extending longitudinally'of said frame,said carriage being slidableas a'unit along said slide rod, rack teeth formed uponsaid slide rod,agear meshing with said rack teeth, a-member rod for movement over saidduplicating surface,

a yoke pivoted in said carriage, an impression roller rotatablyjournaledinsaid yoke, the axii of rotationof saidimpression roller beingspaced from thepivotal axis of said yoke, a memberslid able on saidsliding rod and constrained to rotate therewith, a shaft journaled insaid member, a gear fixed to said shaft and. meshing with; said rackteeth, a'second gear fixed to said shaft,j the axis of rotation of saidshaft being coincident J with the pivotal axis of said yoke, a thirdgear rotatably journaled on said carriage and meshing with said secondgear, and a fourth gear constrained to rotate with said platen rollerand meshing with said third gear.

' JAMES K. DI INCAN.

